Submissions
Author Guidelines
Submission of new manuscripts
Manuscripts should be submitted in Microsoft Word format (DOC or DOCX) or Rich text format (RTF) and sent by email to Editor in Chief to bornh@societanaturalistinapoli.it
Cover letter
Cover letter must be included as a separate file with each manuscript submission.
The cover letter should include:
- a brief explication of the contribution of the manuscript to the scientific literature and its reference to previously published work
- the statement that manuscripts has not been published elsewhere and has not been simultaneously submitted to another journal
- the statement that all authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission
It should be Indicate also the type of submitted contribution (see below)
Types of contributions
Research article
Short note
Review
Opinion article
Letter to the Editors
History of Science
Technical note
Data article (paper describing research data, i.e. meteorological bulletin, species check list)
Short note
Review
Opinion article
Letter to the Editors
History of Science
Technical note
Data article (paper describing research data, i.e. meteorological bulletin, species check list)
All types of contributions are peer-reviewed and open for submission.
Manuscript format
Language
Manuscripts must be submitted in English. Both American English and British English are accepted but choice must be consistent throughout the manuscript.
Prior to submission, Authors who believe their manuscripts would benefit from professional editing are encouraged to resort to language-editing. This service is the responsibility of the author and should be done before initial submission. The use of any manuscript editing service does not ensure that the manuscript is accepted for publication.
Prior to submission, Authors who believe their manuscripts would benefit from professional editing are encouraged to resort to language-editing. This service is the responsibility of the author and should be done before initial submission. The use of any manuscript editing service does not ensure that the manuscript is accepted for publication.
Length
Research article cannot be longer than 6000 words (with no limitation of tables or figures); short notes are limited to 3000 words (5 tables or figures), reviews and History of Science to 12000 words (with no limitation of table and figures), all other types of contribution to 2500 words (4 figures or tables)
If authors feel that their submitted manuscript, regardless of the type of contribution, will suffer severely from the requested word count threshold, they should contact the Editor-in Chief prior to submission to find out whether an exception is justified or not in a specific case.
Research article cannot be longer than 6000 words (with no limitation of tables or figures); short notes are limited to 3000 words (5 tables or figures), reviews and History of Science to 12000 words (with no limitation of table and figures), all other types of contribution to 2500 words (4 figures or tables)
If authors feel that their submitted manuscript, regardless of the type of contribution, will suffer severely from the requested word count threshold, they should contact the Editor-in Chief prior to submission to find out whether an exception is justified or not in a specific case.
Layout and fonts
Text should be A4 format, in Times New Roman 12pt font, double-spaced and justified; do not format text in multiple columns.
Include page numbers and line numbers in the manuscript file, using continuous line numbers.
Use italics instead of underlining (except with URL addresses).
Use Symbol font for mathematical symbols (in the text and in the figures). To add symbols to the manuscript, use the Insert →Symbol function in your word processor or paste in the appropriate Unicode character.
Whitin the text, indicate the appropriate place where each figure and/or table should be placed.
Leave a line space before each heading.
Make sure heading and subheadings levels are clearly indicated in the manuscript text (see also manuscript preparation)
Text should be A4 format, in Times New Roman 12pt font, double-spaced and justified; do not format text in multiple columns.
Include page numbers and line numbers in the manuscript file, using continuous line numbers.
Use italics instead of underlining (except with URL addresses).
Use Symbol font for mathematical symbols (in the text and in the figures). To add symbols to the manuscript, use the Insert →Symbol function in your word processor or paste in the appropriate Unicode character.
Whitin the text, indicate the appropriate place where each figure and/or table should be placed.
Leave a line space before each heading.
Make sure heading and subheadings levels are clearly indicated in the manuscript text (see also manuscript preparation)
Footnotes
Footnotes are not permitted, except in manuscripts relating to the history and philosophy of science. Move the information in the footnotes into the main text or bibliography, depending on the content.
Footnotes are not permitted, except in manuscripts relating to the history and philosophy of science. Move the information in the footnotes into the main text or bibliography, depending on the content.
Abbreviations
Define abbreviations upon their first appearance in the text, keep them to a minimum.
Define abbreviations upon their first appearance in the text, keep them to a minimum.
Scientific species names
Genus and species name must be in italics; write the genus name in full at first mention in the text (e.g., Canis lupus) and abbreviate it whenever mentioned again (e.g., C. lupus). Please follow the latest I.C.B.N & I.C.Z.N.taxonomy or consult the WoRMS website.
Genus and species name must be in italics; write the genus name in full at first mention in the text (e.g., Canis lupus) and abbreviate it whenever mentioned again (e.g., C. lupus). Please follow the latest I.C.B.N & I.C.Z.N.taxonomy or consult the WoRMS website.
Units of measurement
Use SI units.
Use SI units.
Manuscript preparation
• Title page
First page of manuscript; it should contain:
First page of manuscript; it should contain:
Title of the manuscript.
Titles should be written in bold, capitalising only the first word of the title, the first word of the subtitle, and any proper nouns and genus names.
Full title must be 250 characters maximum.
Avoid acronyms and specialist abbreviations in the title if possible.
Titles should be written in bold, capitalising only the first word of the title, the first word of the subtitle, and any proper nouns and genus names.
Full title must be 250 characters maximum.
Avoid acronyms and specialist abbreviations in the title if possible.
Author(s).
Full first name(s), middle initials and surname(s).
Do not include titles (Dr., PhD, Professor, etc).
Corresponding Author must be indicated with an asterisk as a superscript mark (*).
Include e-mail address of the corresponding Author
The corresponding author is the primary contact for the journal office and the only one that will receive mail about manuscript status while it is under editorial consideration.
The corresponding Author takes responsibility for the paper during submission and peer review and speaks on behalf of all Authors.
Equally contributing Authors must be indicated with other any symbol as superscript mark and clearly specified.
Also provide the e-mail address and ORCID ID (the latter if possible) for all authors of the manuscript.
Full first name(s), middle initials and surname(s).
Do not include titles (Dr., PhD, Professor, etc).
Corresponding Author must be indicated with an asterisk as a superscript mark (*).
Include e-mail address of the corresponding Author
The corresponding author is the primary contact for the journal office and the only one that will receive mail about manuscript status while it is under editorial consideration.
The corresponding Author takes responsibility for the paper during submission and peer review and speaks on behalf of all Authors.
Equally contributing Authors must be indicated with other any symbol as superscript mark and clearly specified.
Also provide the e-mail address and ORCID ID (the latter if possible) for all authors of the manuscript.
Author(s) affiliation and addresses
Author(s) affiliation should be as complete as possible, including Department, Division, Section, Institution, City, State, Country. Do not include ZIP or Postal Codes, street addresses, or building/office numbers.
Authors must also include the address of their affiliation their e-mail address at the time of the study. If an Author has multiple affiliations, enter only the preferred or primary affiliation. Author affiliations will be listed in the same order as the Authors.
Use superscript numbers to refer affiliation(s) to author(s).
Affiliation footnotes should appear in order of the referring Authors and in numerical order.
Author(s) affiliation should be as complete as possible, including Department, Division, Section, Institution, City, State, Country. Do not include ZIP or Postal Codes, street addresses, or building/office numbers.
Authors must also include the address of their affiliation their e-mail address at the time of the study. If an Author has multiple affiliations, enter only the preferred or primary affiliation. Author affiliations will be listed in the same order as the Authors.
Use superscript numbers to refer affiliation(s) to author(s).
Affiliation footnotes should appear in order of the referring Authors and in numerical order.
• Abstract and keywords page
The Abstract page comes after the title page in the manuscript file.
It should contain an Abstract (both in English and Italian) consisting of a maximum of 300 words followed by a one blank line and key words
The Abstract should describe clearly the scope and main conclusions of the study, including model organisms used, without methodological detail, summarising the most important results and their significance.
Abstracts should not include citations and abbreviations.
In this page, a minimum of three and a maximum of eight keywords (both in English and Italian) must be provided.
The Abstract page comes after the title page in the manuscript file.
It should contain an Abstract (both in English and Italian) consisting of a maximum of 300 words followed by a one blank line and key words
The Abstract should describe clearly the scope and main conclusions of the study, including model organisms used, without methodological detail, summarising the most important results and their significance.
Abstracts should not include citations and abbreviations.
In this page, a minimum of three and a maximum of eight keywords (both in English and Italian) must be provided.
• Main Text
The main text of Research articles should be structured in the following sequence: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, Author Contribution, Financial Disclosure Statement, Competing Interest, References, Appendix. Headings (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, etc) should be in bold, first-order subheadings should be bold and italicized; second-order sub-headings should be italicized. Results and discussion can be merged in a single section.
Short notes follow the main subdivisions of the manuscript but the main text is not divided in headings and subheadings.
In all other types of contribution, the structure of the text should bear Introduction, “body” that can be divided in headings and subheadings, and Conclusions.
The main text of Research articles should be structured in the following sequence: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, Author Contribution, Financial Disclosure Statement, Competing Interest, References, Appendix. Headings (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, etc) should be in bold, first-order subheadings should be bold and italicized; second-order sub-headings should be italicized. Results and discussion can be merged in a single section.
Short notes follow the main subdivisions of the manuscript but the main text is not divided in headings and subheadings.
In all other types of contribution, the structure of the text should bear Introduction, “body” that can be divided in headings and subheadings, and Conclusions.
Introduction
The introduction should provide pertinent background to the study allowing readers outside the field to understand the purpose and significance of the study. Define the problem addressed and why it is important. Conclude with a brief statement of the overall aim of the work.
The introduction should provide pertinent background to the study allowing readers outside the field to understand the purpose and significance of the study. Define the problem addressed and why it is important. Conclude with a brief statement of the overall aim of the work.
Materials and Methods
The Materials and Methods section should provide enough detail to allow suitably skilled investigators to fully replicate your study.
Materials, methods, and protocols well established elsewhere, may be cite by articles where those protocols are described in detail, but the submission should include sufficient information to be understood independent of these references.
Specific information and/or protocols for new methods should be included in detail.
The Materials and Methods section should provide enough detail to allow suitably skilled investigators to fully replicate your study.
Materials, methods, and protocols well established elsewhere, may be cite by articles where those protocols are described in detail, but the submission should include sufficient information to be understood independent of these references.
Specific information and/or protocols for new methods should be included in detail.
Results
This section should describe the results of the experiments without any comment.
This section should describe the results of the experiments without any comment.
Discussion
This section should contain the interpretation of the results and the conclusions that can be drawn and to provide a succinct explanation of the implication of the findings
This section should contain the interpretation of the results and the conclusions that can be drawn and to provide a succinct explanation of the implication of the findings
Acknowledgments
The acknowledgements should be as brief as possible.
This section mentions those who contributed to the work but do not meet our authorship criteria. Authors are responsible for ensuring that anyone named in the Acknowledgments agrees to be mentioned.
The acknowledgements should be as brief as possible.
This section mentions those who contributed to the work but do not meet our authorship criteria. Authors are responsible for ensuring that anyone named in the Acknowledgments agrees to be mentioned.
Author contributions
Provide the contribution of each Author as follows:
Conceptualisation: Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
Data Curation: Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and keep research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data themselves) for initial use and later reuse.
Formal Analysis: Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyse or synthesise data.
Funding Acquisition:Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to the publication.
Investigation: Conducting research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
Methodology:Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
Project Administration: Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
Resources:Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
Writing – Original and Final Draft Preparation: Creation and/or presentation of the published work.
Conceptualisation: Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
Data Curation: Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and keep research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data themselves) for initial use and later reuse.
Formal Analysis: Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyse or synthesise data.
Funding Acquisition:Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to the publication.
Investigation: Conducting research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
Methodology:Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
Project Administration: Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
Resources:Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
Writing – Original and Final Draft Preparation: Creation and/or presentation of the published work.
Financial Disclosure Statement
This information should describe sources of funding that supported the work, including specific grant numbers, full names of commercial companies that funded the study or Authors, URLs to sponsors’ websites.
If the study was unfunded, include this sentence as the Financial Disclosure Statement: “The Author(s) declare that no specific funding was received for this work.”
Competing interests
All potential competing interests must be declared in full. This information should not be given in your manuscript file but will provided via e-mail to Editor in Chief fabio.guarino@unina.it.
If there are no competing interests, include the following sentence: “The Author(s) declare that they have no competing interests for this work.”
All potential competing interests must be declared in full. This information should not be given in your manuscript file but will provided via e-mail to Editor in Chief fabio.guarino@unina.it.
If there are no competing interests, include the following sentence: “The Author(s) declare that they have no competing interests for this work.”
• References
In main text, citations are as follows:
- one author: (author last name, year), i.e. (Author, 2023).
- two authors: (author 1 last name & author 2 last name, year), i.e. (Author 1 & Author 2, 2023).
- three or more authors (first author last name et al., year), i.e. (Author 1 et al., 2023).
If a cited author has published two or more papers in the same year, the references, both the text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lowercase letter, such as ‘a’ and ‘b’, after the date to distinguish the papers (i.e., Author, 2023a, b).
Semicolons should be used to separate more than one citations, which should be in chronological order (from the earliest to the latest) (Author A, 2021 ; Author B & Author C, 2022; Author D et al., 2023).
Semicolons should be used to separate more than one citations, which should be in chronological order (from the earliest to the latest) (Author A, 2021 ; Author B & Author C, 2022; Author D et al., 2023).
The reference section should list all and only the publications quoted in the main text in alphabetical order according to the authors’ surname. When there are several papers of a same author they must be listed chronologically. When there are several papers by the same author with various co-authors, they must be listed in alphabetical order by second and subsequent authors, regardless of the number of authors.
In the References section the following style should be used:
- Journal Articles: Authors’ surnames initials, (year of publication). Title of article. Journal Name (in full and italic, and followed by a comma) Volume number (Issue or part number), first-last page numbers. For example:
Guicking D., Joger U., Wink M. (2008). Molecular phylogeography of the viperine snake Natrix maura (Serpentes: Colubridae): evidence for strong intraspecific differentiation. Organism Diversity & Evolution, 8, 130–145.
Guicking D., Lawson R., Joger U., Wink M. (2006). Evolution and phylogeny of the genus Natrix (Serpentes: Colubridae). The Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 87, 127–143.
Please do not separate the author's initial from his/her last name with “a comma”; in addition, the names of multiple authors are separated “by commas”.
When the number of authors exceed ten (10), only the first ten should be given, followed by et al.; for example:
Benazzo A., Trucchi E., Cahill J.A., Maisano Delser P., Mona S., Fumagalli M., Bunnefeld L., Cornetti L., Ghirotti S., Girardi M., et al. (2017). Survival and divergence in a small group: The extraordinary genomic history of the endangered Apennine brown bear stragglers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 114 (45), E9589-E9597
- Books, authored: Authors surnames, initials (year of publication). Title of book in “italic”. Publisher, place of publication, total number of pages. For example:
Boulenger G.A. (1889). Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum, London, 311 pp
- Books, edited: Editors’ surnames, initials (Eds) (year of publication). Title of book (in italic). Publisher, place of publication, the total number of pages. For example:
Thompson, W.L. (Ed.) (2004). Sampling rare or elusive species: concepts, designs, and techniques for estimating population parameters. IslandPress, Washington, DC, 429 pp.
- Book chapters: Authors’ surnames, initials, year of publication. Title of chapter, Pages of the chapter. In: Title of book (in italic). Editors (Eds). Publisher, place of publication; for example:
Gomez A., Lunt D. H. (2007). Refugia within refugia: the patterns of phylogeographic concordance in the Iberian Peninsula, pp. 155-188. In: Phylogeography of Southern European Refugia. S. Weiss & N. Ferrand (Eds). New York, Springer
- Theses: Author’s surname, initials, year of publication. Title. MSc or Ph.D. Thesis. Publisher, place of publication, the total number of pages, URL where it is available. For example:
Neri L. (2021). Humans or bears: why not both? The creation of an analytical framework to assess the transferability of non-lethal measures to mitigate the human-bear conflict and its application to the Trentino-Alto Adige (Italy) case. MSc Thesis, Utrecht University, Nederlands, 68 pp
Available at: https://studenttheses.uu.nl/handle/20.500.12932/39912 (Accessed 10 May 2023).
Available at: https://studenttheses.uu.nl/handle/20.500.12932/39912 (Accessed 10 May 2023).
- Conference papers: Authors’ surnames, initials (year of publication). The full title of the conference paper, page numbers. In: Full title of the conference (include place held and date). Publisher, place of publication. (Viewed date-in-full, URL – if accessed electronically)]. For example:
Katsanevakis S., Thessalou-Legaki M. (2009). Documenting the presence of protected species in Souda Bay, p. 745-750. In: 9th Panhellenic Symposium of Oceanography & Fisheries, Patra, 13-16 May 2009. HCMR,Athens.
- Reports: Authors’ surnames, initials (year of publication). The full title of Report. The institution or Agency, number of the report, the total number of pages. For example:
Smeets E., Weterings R. (1999). Environmental indicators: Typology and overview. European Environment Agency (EEA), EEA Technical report, No25, 19 pp.
- European Official Documents: see example below
EU (European Union) (2007). Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks. The Official Journal of the European Union, L 288, 27–34.
- Websites: Permanent databases and online sources may be included in the Literature Cited list; the date accessed must be given. Other website references should only be cited in the body text [Database nameOR Authors’ surnames, initials, year of access. URL (date accessed)].
Global Invasive Species Database (2023). Downloaded from http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/100_worst.php on 15-December 2023
Froese F., Pauly D. (2009. Fish Base). Downloaded from http://www.fishbase.org on 10 August 2022
Froese F., Pauly D. (2009. Fish Base). Downloaded from http://www.fishbase.org on 10 August 2022
- Archival sources, personal documents ("Letters", "personal papers/notes") and other unpublished material, should be indicated in a dedicated section entitled "Archival sources and handwritten fonts", after the References. URL – if downloadable electronically and date of last access – should be also provided. For example:
de Gasparis A. (1849). Lettera a Ernesto Capocci, 8 maggio, Archivio di Stato di Napoli, Ministero Pubblica Istruzione. F. 428, f. 3.
• Figures
Figures must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite figure(s) in the text as Fig.1. Cite multiple figures as “Fig. 1 and 2” or “Fig. 1, 2 and 3”.
Each figure caption should appear directly after the paragraph in which they are first cited. Cite “figure” in caption as “Figure 1:” (in bold) follow by figure caption.
Figures must be uploaded as individual files in TIFF (300dpi) or PFD format.
Figure files should be saved as “Figure 1”.
Provide an image (or indicate one of those already present in the manuscript) that can be used as a "cover image" when the manuscript will be published online.
Figures must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite figure(s) in the text as Fig.1. Cite multiple figures as “Fig. 1 and 2” or “Fig. 1, 2 and 3”.
Each figure caption should appear directly after the paragraph in which they are first cited. Cite “figure” in caption as “Figure 1:” (in bold) follow by figure caption.
Figures must be uploaded as individual files in TIFF (300dpi) or PFD format.
Figure files should be saved as “Figure 1”.
Provide an image (or indicate one of those already present in the manuscript) that can be used as a "cover image" when the manuscript will be published online.
• Tables
Tables must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite table(s) in the text as Tab.1. Cite multiple tables as “Tab. 1 and 2” or “Tab. 1, 2 and 3”.
Each table caption should appear directly after the paragraph in which they are first cited. Cite “table” in caption as “Table 1:” (in bold) following by table caption.
Do not use empty rows to create spacing.
Do not include graphic objects, images, or colored text.
Tables must be uploaded as individual files in xlsx format.
Table files should be saved as “Table1”.
Tables must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite table(s) in the text as Tab.1. Cite multiple tables as “Tab. 1 and 2” or “Tab. 1, 2 and 3”.
Each table caption should appear directly after the paragraph in which they are first cited. Cite “table” in caption as “Table 1:” (in bold) following by table caption.
Do not use empty rows to create spacing.
Do not include graphic objects, images, or colored text.
Tables must be uploaded as individual files in xlsx format.
Table files should be saved as “Table1”.
Supporting information
Supporting figures or tables must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite supporting figures (or tables) in the text as Fig.S1 (Tab. S1). Cite multiple supporting figures as “Fig. S1 and S2 (Tab. S1 and S2)” or “Fig. S1, S2 and S3 (Tab. S1, S1 and S3)”.
List Supporting Information captions at the end of the manuscript in a section titled “Supporting information”. Cite figures or tables in caption as “Figure S1: (Table S1:)” (in bold), following by figure (or table) caption. Supporting information must be uploaded as individual files.
Supporting Information files should be saved as “Figure S1”, “Table S1”, etc.
All supporting information will be subject to peer review.
All file types can be submitted, but files must be smaller than 20 MB in size
Supporting figures or tables must be cited in the text according to numerical number.
Cite supporting figures (or tables) in the text as Fig.S1 (Tab. S1). Cite multiple supporting figures as “Fig. S1 and S2 (Tab. S1 and S2)” or “Fig. S1, S2 and S3 (Tab. S1, S1 and S3)”.
List Supporting Information captions at the end of the manuscript in a section titled “Supporting information”. Cite figures or tables in caption as “Figure S1: (Table S1:)” (in bold), following by figure (or table) caption. Supporting information must be uploaded as individual files.
Supporting Information files should be saved as “Figure S1”, “Table S1”, etc.
All supporting information will be subject to peer review.
All file types can be submitted, but files must be smaller than 20 MB in size
Permissions
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, text passages and all other types of data that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the sources and the authors of the manuscript will have responsibility for this.
Large data sets, including raw data, methodological details, etc. accepted for publication on BORNH, will be deposited in a dedicated data-base created by BORNH, shared on-line with the scientific community, freely available to any researcher wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes. Authors that accepted the publication of their manuscript on BORNH, automatically also agree to make their data public.
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, text passages and all other types of data that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the sources and the authors of the manuscript will have responsibility for this.
Large data sets, including raw data, methodological details, etc. accepted for publication on BORNH, will be deposited in a dedicated data-base created by BORNH, shared on-line with the scientific community, freely available to any researcher wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes. Authors that accepted the publication of their manuscript on BORNH, automatically also agree to make their data public.
Animal research and ethics
All research involving vertebrates or cephalopods must obtain the approval from the Authors' Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) or equivalent ethics committee(s), and must have been conducted according to applicable national and international guidelines.
Approval must be received prior to beginning research.
Manuscripts reporting animal research must state in the Materials and Methods section the full name of the relevant ethics committee that approved the work, and the associated permit number(s).
Where ethical approval is not required, the manuscript should include a clear statement of this and the reason why. Provide any relevant regulations under which the study is exempt from the requirement for approval. Give relevant details of steps taken to minimize animal suffering.
All research involving vertebrates or cephalopods must obtain the approval from the Authors' Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) or equivalent ethics committee(s), and must have been conducted according to applicable national and international guidelines.
Approval must be received prior to beginning research.
Manuscripts reporting animal research must state in the Materials and Methods section the full name of the relevant ethics committee that approved the work, and the associated permit number(s).
Where ethical approval is not required, the manuscript should include a clear statement of this and the reason why. Provide any relevant regulations under which the study is exempt from the requirement for approval. Give relevant details of steps taken to minimize animal suffering.
BORNH will not publish research on any type of samples, organism, or specimens that were obtained without the necessary permission or were illegally exported.
Publication Fees
Publication on BORNH is free of charge.
Publication on BORNH is free of charge.
Publication ethics and publication malpractice
The publication of an article in a peer-reviewed journal is an essential model for BORNH.
It is necessary to agree upon standards of expected ethical behavior for all parties involved in the act of publishing: the author, the journal editor, the peer reviewer and the publisher.
BORNH's ethic statements are based on COPE Core Practices https://publicationethics.org/core-practices
Duties of Editors
Publication decisions
The editors of BORNH are responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published.The editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.
Publication decisions
The editors of BORNH are responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published.The editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.
Fair play
The editors at any time evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.
Confidentiality
The editors and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
Disclosure and conflicts of interest
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author.
Duties of Reviewers
Contribution to Editorial Decisions
Peer review assists the editors in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Promptness
Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.
Confidentiality
Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editors.
Standards of Objectivity
Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.
Acknowledgement of Sources
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editors attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.
Disclosure and Conflict of Interest
Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
Duties of Authors
Reporting standards
Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.
Data Access and Retention
If applicable, authors are asked to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.
Originality and Plagiarism
The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others, that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.
Multiple, Redundant or Concurrent Publication
An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.
Acknowledgement of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
Authorship of the Paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors.The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
Fundamental errors in published works
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editors or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.
Plagiarism Policy
All articles submitted to BORNH will be checked to detect plagiarism, also using software such as Compilatio, Turnitin or iThenticate.
A specific process is followed to manage a case of plagiarism.
BORNH follows the guidelines contained in the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) flowcharts (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts).
In the case of suspected plagiarism in a published article:
1) The person who advised BORNH of the situation is informed about the process to be followed.
2) The contributions are compared to check the degree of copying.
3) All Editors of BORNH are informed and asked for their comments.
4) The author of the article in question is contacted with documentary evidence of the case of plagiarism and is asked for a response.
If the author is found guilty of plagiarism:
1) The editor of the journal/series in which the original plagiarised contribution was published and the authors of the plagiarised article/book are informed;
2) BORNH publishes an official retraction of the paper;
3) The article is withdrawn from the BORNH site;
4) BORNH will not publish any article of the author concerned for a period of 5 years.
1) The editor of the journal/series in which the original plagiarised contribution was published and the authors of the plagiarised article/book are informed;
2) BORNH publishes an official retraction of the paper;
3) The article is withdrawn from the BORNH site;
4) BORNH will not publish any article of the author concerned for a period of 5 years.
Privacy Statement
The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.
The data collected from registered and non-registered users of this journal falls within the scope of the standard functioning of peer-reviewed journals. It includes information that makes communication possible for the editorial process; it is used to informs readers about the authorship and editing of content; it enables collecting aggregated data on readership behaviors, as well as tracking geopolitical and social elements of scholarly communication.
This journal’s editorial team uses this data to guide its work in publishing and improving this
journal. Data that will assist in developing this publishing platform may be shared with its developer Public Knowledge Project in an anonymized and aggregated form, with appropriate exceptions such as article metrics. The data will not be sold by this journal or PKP nor will it be used for purposes other than those stated here.
The authors published in this journal are responsible for the human subject data that figures in the research reported here.
Those involved in editing this journal seek to be compliant with industry standards for data privacy, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provision for “data subject rights” that include (a) breach notification; (b) right of access; (c) the right to be forgotten; (d) data portability; and (e) privacy by design.
The GDPR also allows for the recognition of “the public interest in the availability of the data,” which has a particular saliency for those involved in maintaining, with the greatest integrity possible, the public record of scholarly publishing.
The data collected from registered and non-registered users of this journal falls within the scope of the standard functioning of peer-reviewed journals. It includes information that makes communication possible for the editorial process; it is used to informs readers about the authorship and editing of content; it enables collecting aggregated data on readership behaviors, as well as tracking geopolitical and social elements of scholarly communication.
This journal’s editorial team uses this data to guide its work in publishing and improving this
journal. Data that will assist in developing this publishing platform may be shared with its developer Public Knowledge Project in an anonymized and aggregated form, with appropriate exceptions such as article metrics. The data will not be sold by this journal or PKP nor will it be used for purposes other than those stated here.
The authors published in this journal are responsible for the human subject data that figures in the research reported here.
Those involved in editing this journal seek to be compliant with industry standards for data privacy, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provision for “data subject rights” that include (a) breach notification; (b) right of access; (c) the right to be forgotten; (d) data portability; and (e) privacy by design.
The GDPR also allows for the recognition of “the public interest in the availability of the data,” which has a particular saliency for those involved in maintaining, with the greatest integrity possible, the public record of scholarly publishing.
